Final argument
Use this final argument form for the essay which takes its theme from Black Like Me. The theme is "legality vs. morality" for all three arguments. One could look at the system of segregation, one which separated people based on racial classification and the consequences to black people re: human rights abuses which perhaps precipitated Griffin's desire to go undercover as a "black man." Yet, even as a "black man," Griffin's reflections were often colored by what Tim Wise might cite as "privilege;" he knew he could always escape.
This essay, also explained in great detail in Writing Logically Thinking Critically is perhaps the hardest kind of position to take as a critical thinker, because it asks one to not only consider the viewpoints outside one's own on an issue, it asks you to contemplate such opposing viewpoints validity and search for places of common ground.
Such a view could potentially court violence with one's constituency--you could be labeled a traitor and lose their trust.
The question becomes then, why is this perspective viable and two, why is it recommended?
Flowchart
This Rogerian Model Flowchart, as were the Classical and Toulmin models, also taken from White and Billings's The Well-Crafted Argument: A Guide and Reader, Third Edition (157).
1. What issue am I going to investigate?
2. What is my thesis?
3. What common ground exists between my views and those whose views differ from mine?
4. What are the challenging views on the matter that I need to discuss?
5. How can I judiciously highlight the limitation of the challenging views and suggest a mutually agreeable way of overcoming those limitations?
6. Based on shared views about my thesis, what can I add in the way of evidence that would be compatible with challenging views?
7. What are my concluding reflections in light of the above?
8. Using the above information, what can I say in my opening paragraph that would best introduce my argument and engage my reader's attention?
Remember:
"A successful argument along Rogerian principles like the Classical and Toulmin models, includes thorough, accurate, and relevant evidence in support of its claim; unlike these models, however, the aim of Rogerian persuasion is not to 'win' the argument but to find common ground and to build consensus on an issue troubling both the writer and the audience. Instead of being considered 'opponents,' those with differing views are encouraged to reach consensus and to enter into a cooperative dialogue with the writer. . . . When considering taking a Rogerian approach to your argument, remember to ask yourself three questions: Can I represent challenging views and evaluate the evidence fairly and objectively? Do any of the challenging views make sense to some degree, and if so, can I find a way to incorporate them into my own views? Am I sincere in my desire to establish common ground with those who take issue with me? (157).
Final checklist:
1. Do I find common ground with those whose views differ from my own?
2. Do I carefully consider the weaknesses or limitations of my point of view, as well as those of others? Do I share these with my readers?
3. Is my tone cooperative rather than confrontational?
4. Do I encourage multiple perspectives rather than a singular one toward the issue?
5. Do I treat views which I disagree respectively? Do I give more emphasis to the points of agreement than the points of disagreement?
Sunday, May 22, 2011
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Portfolio Workshop Monday, May 23, 2011 9-12 A-232
I have a couple of chapters from a textbook I used to use on revision for students to read to give them a bit of background on the topic.
The book is: Writing with a Thesis: A Rhetoric and Reader. Tenth Edition, by authors, Sarah E. Skwire and David Skwire. The publisher is Thomson Wadsworth 2008in Boston, MA.
The book is: Writing with a Thesis: A Rhetoric and Reader. Tenth Edition, by authors, Sarah E. Skwire and David Skwire. The publisher is Thomson Wadsworth 2008in Boston, MA.
Power and Love: Are the two incompatible
We complete this semester with a conversation on inductive reasoning. When one looks at fallacious arguments, when the argument is inductive one talks about material fallacies vs. formal fallacies (where the structure of the essay is suspect as is the case in deductive arguments).
I was reading my aol mail and saw a news announcement about our former governor's affair with an employee. The news reporter framed it as a "love match, that the affair was consensual," yet it begs the question when one looks at the power imbalance between employer and employee.
Here are two articles pulled from two popular media outlets. What do you think? When there is an imbalance in a relationship, be it employment or love, is it ever fair?
I couldn't help but remember the couple's employment of someone who was "illegal." Was this the person AS had sex with?
I was also reminded of the Sally Hemmings scandal with President Thomas Jefferson and how historians want to reshape that incidence of child molestation as a "love affair."
Article:
Arnold admits to having love child with staff member
Could there be a thicker Hollywood plot developing? Yesterday, former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger confirmed in a statement to the Los Angeles Times that he had fathered a love child with a longtime household staff member before he was elected governor in 2002. His wife, Maria Shriver, left the pair's Brentwood home earlier this year after he admitted to fathering the child with the staff member, who had worked for the family for 20 years but remained anonymous.
"After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger's statement to the LA Times said. "I understand and deserve the feelings of anger and disappointment among my friends and family. There are no excuses and I take full responsibility for the hurt I have caused. I have apologized to Maria, my children and my family. I am truly sorry." Shriver refused to comment on the matter.
http://powerwall.msnbc.msn.com/politics/may-17-arnold-maria-lovechild-bombshell-and-strauss-kahn-says-there-was-consent-10052.gallery
Shriver: It's a 'painful and heartbreaking time'
(AP) LOS ANGELES (AP) — Former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has acknowledged that he fathered a child with a member of his household staff, a revelation that apparently prompted wife Maria Shriver to leave the couple's home before they announced their separation last week.
Schwarzenegger and Shriver jointly announced May 9 that they were splitting up after 25 years of marriage. Yet, Shriver moved out of the family's Brentwood mansion earlier in the year after Schwarzenegger acknowledged the child is his, the Los Angeles Times reported Tuesday.
"After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger told the Times in a statement that was later sent to The Associated Press. "I understand and deserve the feelings of anger and disappointment among my friends and family. There are no excuses and I take full responsibility for the hurt I have caused. I have apologized to Maria, my children and my family. I am truly sorry.
"I ask that the media respect my wife and children through this extremely difficult time," the statement concluded. "While I deserve your attention and criticism, my family does not."
Hours later, Shriver also released a statement: "This is a painful and heartbreaking time. As a mother, my concern is for the children. I ask for compassion, respect and privacy as my children and I try to rebuild our lives and heal. I will have no further comment."
Schwarzenegger's representatives also did not comment further.
The Times did not publish the former staffer's name nor that of her child but said the woman worked for the family for 20 years and retired in January.
Schwarzenegger issued his statement to the Times late Monday, after the newspaper had interviewed the former staffer. She had told the Times that another man — her husband at the time — was the child's father. When the Times later informed the woman of the governor's statement, she declined to comment further.
Schwarzenegger later released the statement to The Associated Press and other news organizations.
The child was born before Schwarzenegger began his seven-year stint in public office.
Shriver stood by her husband during his 2003 gubernatorial campaign after the Los Angeles Times reported accusations that he had a history of groping women. Schwarzenegger later said he "behaved badly sometimes."
In his first public comments since the couple announced their breakup, Schwarzenegger said last week that he and Shriver "both love each other very much."
"We are very fortunate that we have four extraordinary children and we're taking one day at a time," he said at a Los Angeles event marking Israeli independence. Their children range in age from 13 to 21.
Since his term as California governor ended in early January, Schwarzenegger, 63, has traveled around the world, his wife nowhere in sight. While the "Terminator" star appeared confident about the future since exiting politics, cutting movie deals and fashioning himself as a global spokesman for green energy, Shriver, known for her confidence, seemed unsettled.
Shriver, 55, maintained her own identity when her husband entered politics, though she gave up her job at NBC. Their union was often tested in Sacramento, where the former action star contended with a rough seven years of legislative gridlock, a budget crisis and lingering questions about his fidelity.
The estranged couple's initial separation statement referred to "a time of great personal and professional transition for each of us" but gave no hint of what caused the split.
Shriver had also mentioned "transitions" in a Facebook posting earlier this year but gave no details. At the time it seemed most likely to be a reference to the end of her role as California's first lady. Schwarzenegger had left office in January after seven years as California's governor. Shriver never moved to Sacramento during that time, but she used her position to run a popular yearly women's conference that drew high-profile attendees.
Shriver, daughter of Sargent and Eunice Kennedy Shriver and a niece of President John F. Kennedy, met the former Mr. Universe in 1977 at the Robert F. Kennedy Pro-Celebrity Tennis Tournament in Forest Hills, New York.
They married on April 26, 1986, in a white clapboard church in Hyannis, Massachusetts, with many members of the Kennedy clan and celebrities present and a crowd of fans cheering outside. At the time she was an anchor on the "CBS Morning News" and the Austrian-born star was filming another movie.
They have four children, Katherine, 21, Christina, 19, Patrick, 17, and Christopher, 13.
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/05/17/ap/celebrities/main20063520.shtml
I was reading my aol mail and saw a news announcement about our former governor's affair with an employee. The news reporter framed it as a "love match, that the affair was consensual," yet it begs the question when one looks at the power imbalance between employer and employee.
Here are two articles pulled from two popular media outlets. What do you think? When there is an imbalance in a relationship, be it employment or love, is it ever fair?
I couldn't help but remember the couple's employment of someone who was "illegal." Was this the person AS had sex with?
I was also reminded of the Sally Hemmings scandal with President Thomas Jefferson and how historians want to reshape that incidence of child molestation as a "love affair."
Article:
Arnold admits to having love child with staff member
Could there be a thicker Hollywood plot developing? Yesterday, former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger confirmed in a statement to the Los Angeles Times that he had fathered a love child with a longtime household staff member before he was elected governor in 2002. His wife, Maria Shriver, left the pair's Brentwood home earlier this year after he admitted to fathering the child with the staff member, who had worked for the family for 20 years but remained anonymous.
"After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger's statement to the LA Times said. "I understand and deserve the feelings of anger and disappointment among my friends and family. There are no excuses and I take full responsibility for the hurt I have caused. I have apologized to Maria, my children and my family. I am truly sorry." Shriver refused to comment on the matter.
http://powerwall.msnbc.msn.com/politics/may-17-arnold-maria-lovechild-bombshell-and-strauss-kahn-says-there-was-consent-10052.gallery
Shriver: It's a 'painful and heartbreaking time'
(AP) LOS ANGELES (AP) — Former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has acknowledged that he fathered a child with a member of his household staff, a revelation that apparently prompted wife Maria Shriver to leave the couple's home before they announced their separation last week.
Schwarzenegger and Shriver jointly announced May 9 that they were splitting up after 25 years of marriage. Yet, Shriver moved out of the family's Brentwood mansion earlier in the year after Schwarzenegger acknowledged the child is his, the Los Angeles Times reported Tuesday.
"After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger told the Times in a statement that was later sent to The Associated Press. "I understand and deserve the feelings of anger and disappointment among my friends and family. There are no excuses and I take full responsibility for the hurt I have caused. I have apologized to Maria, my children and my family. I am truly sorry.
"I ask that the media respect my wife and children through this extremely difficult time," the statement concluded. "While I deserve your attention and criticism, my family does not."
Hours later, Shriver also released a statement: "This is a painful and heartbreaking time. As a mother, my concern is for the children. I ask for compassion, respect and privacy as my children and I try to rebuild our lives and heal. I will have no further comment."
Schwarzenegger's representatives also did not comment further.
The Times did not publish the former staffer's name nor that of her child but said the woman worked for the family for 20 years and retired in January.
Schwarzenegger issued his statement to the Times late Monday, after the newspaper had interviewed the former staffer. She had told the Times that another man — her husband at the time — was the child's father. When the Times later informed the woman of the governor's statement, she declined to comment further.
Schwarzenegger later released the statement to The Associated Press and other news organizations.
The child was born before Schwarzenegger began his seven-year stint in public office.
Shriver stood by her husband during his 2003 gubernatorial campaign after the Los Angeles Times reported accusations that he had a history of groping women. Schwarzenegger later said he "behaved badly sometimes."
In his first public comments since the couple announced their breakup, Schwarzenegger said last week that he and Shriver "both love each other very much."
"We are very fortunate that we have four extraordinary children and we're taking one day at a time," he said at a Los Angeles event marking Israeli independence. Their children range in age from 13 to 21.
Since his term as California governor ended in early January, Schwarzenegger, 63, has traveled around the world, his wife nowhere in sight. While the "Terminator" star appeared confident about the future since exiting politics, cutting movie deals and fashioning himself as a global spokesman for green energy, Shriver, known for her confidence, seemed unsettled.
Shriver, 55, maintained her own identity when her husband entered politics, though she gave up her job at NBC. Their union was often tested in Sacramento, where the former action star contended with a rough seven years of legislative gridlock, a budget crisis and lingering questions about his fidelity.
The estranged couple's initial separation statement referred to "a time of great personal and professional transition for each of us" but gave no hint of what caused the split.
Shriver had also mentioned "transitions" in a Facebook posting earlier this year but gave no details. At the time it seemed most likely to be a reference to the end of her role as California's first lady. Schwarzenegger had left office in January after seven years as California's governor. Shriver never moved to Sacramento during that time, but she used her position to run a popular yearly women's conference that drew high-profile attendees.
Shriver, daughter of Sargent and Eunice Kennedy Shriver and a niece of President John F. Kennedy, met the former Mr. Universe in 1977 at the Robert F. Kennedy Pro-Celebrity Tennis Tournament in Forest Hills, New York.
They married on April 26, 1986, in a white clapboard church in Hyannis, Massachusetts, with many members of the Kennedy clan and celebrities present and a crowd of fans cheering outside. At the time she was an anchor on the "CBS Morning News" and the Austrian-born star was filming another movie.
They have four children, Katherine, 21, Christina, 19, Patrick, 17, and Christopher, 13.
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/05/17/ap/celebrities/main20063520.shtml
Thursday, May 12, 2011
Wrapping it up
Today in class we complete the presentations of the Toulmin essay. Before this we reviewed WLTC--Read 169-183. We completed exercises 7E (175).
Homework is to read pp. 183-199 and complete: 7H (182-3), Ex. 7I (193), 7J (195). Read Ch. 8--bring in questions.
3. Bring in an outline for the BLM essay, along with the IPS. Use WLTC 87-88. I will post an outline a bit later. Look for it.
4. Don't forget the cyber assignment from Tuesday. Only two students completed it.
5. We will have a short exam on key terms on Tuesday, complete any exercises we haven't reviewed and talk about Propaganda Techniques.
6. I will have copies of a portfolio for students to look at as well.
Homework is to read pp. 183-199 and complete: 7H (182-3), Ex. 7I (193), 7J (195). Read Ch. 8--bring in questions.
3. Bring in an outline for the BLM essay, along with the IPS. Use WLTC 87-88. I will post an outline a bit later. Look for it.
4. Don't forget the cyber assignment from Tuesday. Only two students completed it.
5. We will have a short exam on key terms on Tuesday, complete any exercises we haven't reviewed and talk about Propaganda Techniques.
6. I will have copies of a portfolio for students to look at as well.
Congratulations! You did it-that is, completed the term. Now for final details: Portfolios are due no later than Friday, May 26, 12 noon.
Final Essay
The portfolio checklist includes all the WLTC assignments completed. If they were completed in the book, just include the score. Freewrites, reading logs, essays--all graded drafts and narratives (completed/revised). The only new essay is the Black Like Me essay which uses Rogerian.
Include an Initial Planning Sheet, plus an Outline.
Narratives or Introduction to the Portfolio
Each narrative is about 250 words and they are the introduction to the portfolio.
Narrative 1
This essay looks at what you learned about writing and logic and thinking critically that you will carry forth into your lifelong pursuit of learning. You can talk about books and other instruction materials and the instructor.
Narrative 2
The second narrative will talk about your revision process and what specifically you have learned about yourself as a writer that makes you a better writer at the end of the course than you were at the start. Use two graded essays as evidence.
Portfolio
The portfolio documents is a word document. Do not send items separately. Attach the document and on the cover sheet include: Name, address, phone number, course name and code.
The assignments can be grouped and this forms your table of contents:
Narratives 1 & 2
WLTC Assignments
Freewrites
Cyber-Assignments
Tim Wise related assignments
From the Bottom of the Heap Assignments
The Known World Assignments
Black Like Me Assignments
Anything Else, such as extra credit assignments (graded assignments)
Final Essay
The portfolio checklist includes all the WLTC assignments completed. If they were completed in the book, just include the score. Freewrites, reading logs, essays--all graded drafts and narratives (completed/revised). The only new essay is the Black Like Me essay which uses Rogerian.
Include an Initial Planning Sheet, plus an Outline.
Narratives or Introduction to the Portfolio
Each narrative is about 250 words and they are the introduction to the portfolio.
Narrative 1
This essay looks at what you learned about writing and logic and thinking critically that you will carry forth into your lifelong pursuit of learning. You can talk about books and other instruction materials and the instructor.
Narrative 2
The second narrative will talk about your revision process and what specifically you have learned about yourself as a writer that makes you a better writer at the end of the course than you were at the start. Use two graded essays as evidence.
Portfolio
The portfolio documents is a word document. Do not send items separately. Attach the document and on the cover sheet include: Name, address, phone number, course name and code.
The assignments can be grouped and this forms your table of contents:
Narratives 1 & 2
WLTC Assignments
Freewrites
Cyber-Assignments
Tim Wise related assignments
From the Bottom of the Heap Assignments
The Known World Assignments
Black Like Me Assignments
Anything Else, such as extra credit assignments (graded assignments)
Tuesday, May 10, 2011
Homework:
Read Propaganda Techniques. Prepare to respond to one of the Writing Topics on Thursday. Also identify the fallacies associated with the "techniques," be prepared to share.
For extra credit, post a summary here.
Find a scholarly article on BLM and John Howard Griffin. What arguments are raised either for or against the project? Put the more salient -- Griffin's and three others, in standard form. use those arguments posed by authorities, famous people (smile).
Post a summary of one of the articles here: the analysis or the biography. Also, post the arguments. Do you see any fallacious arguments? If so, you can post one of them as one of the three. What is the fallacy? Name it.
Read Propaganda Techniques. Prepare to respond to one of the Writing Topics on Thursday. Also identify the fallacies associated with the "techniques," be prepared to share.
For extra credit, post a summary here.
Find a scholarly article on BLM and John Howard Griffin. What arguments are raised either for or against the project? Put the more salient -- Griffin's and three others, in standard form. use those arguments posed by authorities, famous people (smile).
Post a summary of one of the articles here: the analysis or the biography. Also, post the arguments. Do you see any fallacious arguments? If so, you can post one of them as one of the three. What is the fallacy? Name it.
Black Like Me
Watch the videos. What are you in store for? How is John Howard Griffin's experiment a perfect example of what Carl R. Rogers (1902-1987) speaks of as empathy, "the ability to see the expressed idea and attitude from the other person's point of view [?]'" (Cooper and Patton 87).
What is Griffin's argument? What are some of the counterarguments? What does Dick Gregory say about Griffin?
As you read the book, BLM, note both the benefits and hazards of his project. In your opinion, is it worth it and for whom?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-qbme14MO4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNnS9mOmm5I&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOHaZKKuBqc&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynDbJG9OLy8&feature=related
What is Griffin's argument? What are some of the counterarguments? What does Dick Gregory say about Griffin?
As you read the book, BLM, note both the benefits and hazards of his project. In your opinion, is it worth it and for whom?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-qbme14MO4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNnS9mOmm5I&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOHaZKKuBqc&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynDbJG9OLy8&feature=related
Monday, May 9, 2011
We are going to workshop the Toulmin essays and return to WLTC. The essays are due Thursday via email and if the presentations need reworking, then those students can present.
We will practice writing the Rogerian essay on Thursday as a freewrite. It is in our book. We have already discussed it.
Pay attention to details. Do not send me drafts. I will not be giving students line by line comments for anymore essays. Learn from your errors and do better. I will not spend one to two hours with a student going over grammar and mechanical errors: 15 minutes max coupon for one time use.
English 5 and English 211 students are expected to have certain skills and if you don't possess them, I would have hoped such writers had made use of the free support services available on campus here and throughout the campus.
Certain students have a relationship with me going back years, like Javier. He knows my style and he is a competent writer, and since I have known him as a writer over the past two-three maybe four years, we have a sort of shorthand communication. The same is true for Quan and Frena, but this is not the case for the majority of you.
I am a hard taskmaster and I do expect a lot, but I don't think I am unreasonable and I am pleased with the work of those of you who are still here (smile).
We will practice writing the Rogerian essay on Thursday as a freewrite. It is in our book. We have already discussed it.
Pay attention to details. Do not send me drafts. I will not be giving students line by line comments for anymore essays. Learn from your errors and do better. I will not spend one to two hours with a student going over grammar and mechanical errors: 15 minutes max coupon for one time use.
English 5 and English 211 students are expected to have certain skills and if you don't possess them, I would have hoped such writers had made use of the free support services available on campus here and throughout the campus.
Certain students have a relationship with me going back years, like Javier. He knows my style and he is a competent writer, and since I have known him as a writer over the past two-three maybe four years, we have a sort of shorthand communication. The same is true for Quan and Frena, but this is not the case for the majority of you.
I am a hard taskmaster and I do expect a lot, but I don't think I am unreasonable and I am pleased with the work of those of you who are still here (smile).
We're all set for Friday, May 13, 2011 at the First Congregational Church to see Angela Davis and Tim Wise (smile). They were not taking orders on-line and I called and paid over the phone for four tickets.
The tickets will be at will-call. We should plan to get their early so we can sit in the front row (smile).
Andre, Ocean, Jeff and I are going.
The tickets will be at will-call. We should plan to get their early so we can sit in the front row (smile).
Andre, Ocean, Jeff and I are going.
Thursday, May 5, 2011
English 5 Spring 2011: Argument 2
The essay is due for a peer review Tuesday, May 10, 2011. Final draft due May 12.
Write a Toulmin-based argument in which you defend or challenge the view that the American judicial system is just or fair to all citizens tried. Use Robert Hilary King’s life as exemplified in From the Bottom of the Heap: Black Panther Robert Hillary King to prove this claim.
I gave students a copy of a Toulmin essay by Virginia Woolf as an example.
This is the second argument with as its theme: Morality vs. Legality. When is what is legal moral and when is the same system immoral? What about ethical?
Include a preliminary synopsis of your argument. Divided into five sections:
1. Your claim
2. A qualifier
3. Your data subdivided into hard facts and reason-based evidence. Both objective and subjective
4. Your warrant, which renders your data trustworthy
5. Your backing, which enforces and legitimizes the warrant
Outline
1. What issue am I going to investigate?
2. What is my claim?
3. What grounds (data) can I produce that would authenticate my claim [Testimonials from psychologists, convicted juveniles, law enforcement, parents, advocates; statistic, laws]
4. What backing can I give to my warrant?
5. In light of challenging views, how will I need to qualify my claim, if at all
6. What concluding reflections can I give to my argument?, runaways—who is most vulnerable to participating in illegal activities or is no one immune?]
7. Using the above information, what can I say in my opening paragraph that would best introduce my argument and engage my reader’s attentions?
Write a Toulmin-based argument in which you defend or challenge the view that the American judicial system is just or fair to all citizens tried. Use Robert Hilary King’s life as exemplified in From the Bottom of the Heap: Black Panther Robert Hillary King to prove this claim.
I gave students a copy of a Toulmin essay by Virginia Woolf as an example.
This is the second argument with as its theme: Morality vs. Legality. When is what is legal moral and when is the same system immoral? What about ethical?
Include a preliminary synopsis of your argument. Divided into five sections:
1. Your claim
2. A qualifier
3. Your data subdivided into hard facts and reason-based evidence. Both objective and subjective
4. Your warrant, which renders your data trustworthy
5. Your backing, which enforces and legitimizes the warrant
Outline
1. What issue am I going to investigate?
2. What is my claim?
3. What grounds (data) can I produce that would authenticate my claim [Testimonials from psychologists, convicted juveniles, law enforcement, parents, advocates; statistic, laws]
4. What backing can I give to my warrant?
5. In light of challenging views, how will I need to qualify my claim, if at all
6. What concluding reflections can I give to my argument?, runaways—who is most vulnerable to participating in illegal activities or is no one immune?]
7. Using the above information, what can I say in my opening paragraph that would best introduce my argument and engage my reader’s attentions?
Write a short essay using your outline for the Toulmin essay re: juvenile justice, more specifically sentencing juvenile offenders as adults. Add racial or ethnic identity to the equation and what do we have? Look at the two girls profiled: one is had a shorter sentence and was preparing for release, while the other child, also a mother, was trying to stay focused and not allow the long sentence depress her.
I will show you a excerpt of a film called: Race to Execution, which looks at the role of race in the sentencing process.
Visit http://www.racetoexecution.com/
Visit: http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/racetoexecution/film.html
I will show you a excerpt of a film called: Race to Execution, which looks at the role of race in the sentencing process.
Visit http://www.racetoexecution.com/
Visit: http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/racetoexecution/film.html
Tuesday, May 3, 2011
Juvies
Using the outline below: Outline the argument presented in the film, Juvies. Visit http://www.juvies.net/index.php
Post here.
Other homework is to start reading Black Like Me. Bring in your arguments for From the Bottom of the Heap. Complete an Initial Planning Sheet for the Toulmin essay.
Post here.
Other homework is to start reading Black Like Me. Bring in your arguments for From the Bottom of the Heap. Complete an Initial Planning Sheet for the Toulmin essay.
Relationship between the Claim, Data, Warrants, and Backing (notes)
Claim
The assertion I shall try to persuade you to accept as true with or without qualifiers. The types of claims are: statements of value, policy or ethics.
Data/Grounds
The facts and/or logical reasons that demonstrate the truth of my claim: legal data (such as laws, policies, regulations and codes); scientific data, such as findings obtained from mathematical calculations and laboratory experiments (keep in mind that experiments such as DNA testing and ballistics analyses, used to help solve crimes, are an inherent part of legal data and are often referred to as forensic data); testimonial or experiential data, which is based on firsthand experience (for example, eyewitness testimony and oral histories as gathered by anthropologists), scholarly or documentary data (that is, data obtained from secondary sources published in book or electronic form; and 5. Statistical data, which may be obtained firsthand (in which case it would be akin to but not identical with scientific data unless the statistics were derived from laboratory experiment instead of, say, opinion polls.)
Like claims or arguments, the data or grounds must be presented as accurately and as unambiguously as possible (White Billings 115).
Warrant
Assurance that the data are based on solid principles, thus contributing to the validity and trustworthiness of the claim. Toulmin states in The Uses of Argument, “warrants indicate the bearing of [the] conclusion of the data already produced” (98). “By ‘bearing’ Toulmin is referring to the need for readers to recognize and accept an appropriate direction in which takes shape from claim to data to warrant. Warrants remind us of the humanizing dimension of argument: An argument, no matter how ‘Heated,’ must always be principled rather than stem from vague or questionable motives” (White Billings 115).
The warrants parallel the three types of classical appeals: Logical or scientific warrants, ethical or forensic-based warrants, emotional or artistic-based warrants
Backing
Assurance that the warrant is sound
The Qualifier
Claims are rarely absolute, that is the claim may be valid in many circumstance but not necessarily in all. If that is the case, an arguer would want to qualify the claim so that her readers would understand how she is limiting its range.
Outline
1. What issue am I going to investigate? [Juvenile offenders]
2. What is my claim? [For example, should juveniles be sentences as adults?]
3. What grounds (data) can I produce that would authenticate my claim [Testimonials from psychologists, convicted juveniles, law enforcement, parents, advocates; statistic, laws]
4. What backing can I give to my warrant? [Example: The incarceration of youth is society’s admission of failure to protect and help the most vulnerable in society. Locking up youth has not significantly affected crime in California. Locking up kids does not decrease juvenile violence which is often connected to dysfunction in the child’s home, if the child has a home. Juveniles affected by substance abuse and poverty]
5. In light of challenging views, how will I need to qualify my claim, if at all? [Example: Is there ever an instance where a kid is clearly a danger to him or herself or others? If so, what should society do?]
6. What concluding reflections can I give to my argument? [Enhancements to laws in California, court deals that the child might not understand, parents recent immigrants, sexually exploited, runaways—who is most vulnerable to participating in illegal activities or is no one immune?]
7. Using the above information, what can I say in my opening paragraph that would best introduce my argument and engage my reader’s attentions?
The assertion I shall try to persuade you to accept as true with or without qualifiers. The types of claims are: statements of value, policy or ethics.
Data/Grounds
The facts and/or logical reasons that demonstrate the truth of my claim: legal data (such as laws, policies, regulations and codes); scientific data, such as findings obtained from mathematical calculations and laboratory experiments (keep in mind that experiments such as DNA testing and ballistics analyses, used to help solve crimes, are an inherent part of legal data and are often referred to as forensic data); testimonial or experiential data, which is based on firsthand experience (for example, eyewitness testimony and oral histories as gathered by anthropologists), scholarly or documentary data (that is, data obtained from secondary sources published in book or electronic form; and 5. Statistical data, which may be obtained firsthand (in which case it would be akin to but not identical with scientific data unless the statistics were derived from laboratory experiment instead of, say, opinion polls.)
Like claims or arguments, the data or grounds must be presented as accurately and as unambiguously as possible (White Billings 115).
Warrant
Assurance that the data are based on solid principles, thus contributing to the validity and trustworthiness of the claim. Toulmin states in The Uses of Argument, “warrants indicate the bearing of [the] conclusion of the data already produced” (98). “By ‘bearing’ Toulmin is referring to the need for readers to recognize and accept an appropriate direction in which takes shape from claim to data to warrant. Warrants remind us of the humanizing dimension of argument: An argument, no matter how ‘Heated,’ must always be principled rather than stem from vague or questionable motives” (White Billings 115).
The warrants parallel the three types of classical appeals: Logical or scientific warrants, ethical or forensic-based warrants, emotional or artistic-based warrants
Backing
Assurance that the warrant is sound
The Qualifier
Claims are rarely absolute, that is the claim may be valid in many circumstance but not necessarily in all. If that is the case, an arguer would want to qualify the claim so that her readers would understand how she is limiting its range.
Outline
1. What issue am I going to investigate? [Juvenile offenders]
2. What is my claim? [For example, should juveniles be sentences as adults?]
3. What grounds (data) can I produce that would authenticate my claim [Testimonials from psychologists, convicted juveniles, law enforcement, parents, advocates; statistic, laws]
4. What backing can I give to my warrant? [Example: The incarceration of youth is society’s admission of failure to protect and help the most vulnerable in society. Locking up youth has not significantly affected crime in California. Locking up kids does not decrease juvenile violence which is often connected to dysfunction in the child’s home, if the child has a home. Juveniles affected by substance abuse and poverty]
5. In light of challenging views, how will I need to qualify my claim, if at all? [Example: Is there ever an instance where a kid is clearly a danger to him or herself or others? If so, what should society do?]
6. What concluding reflections can I give to my argument? [Enhancements to laws in California, court deals that the child might not understand, parents recent immigrants, sexually exploited, runaways—who is most vulnerable to participating in illegal activities or is no one immune?]
7. Using the above information, what can I say in my opening paragraph that would best introduce my argument and engage my reader’s attentions?
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